Brook are the only native trout in Minnesota streams. (Photo courtesy Brian Yurasits on Unsplash)
The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency conducted a study identifying sensitive brook trout habitat near a proposed data center in Hermantown. The Project raises concerns among area residents and environmental groups about potential impacts to the watershed. City officials say it will boost the long-term economic impact and create new jobs.
Proposed project near fragile trout streams
A proposed Google data center to be built in Hermantown is in the works. The 40-acre campus, located just outside Duluth, would be developed near newly identified trout streams that have been part of a 4-year study by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA).
The Midway River Watershed Protection Study began before the proposed Google data center was publicly reported. The company would build the complex near two flourishing trout streams that flow through woodlands and wetlands. The MPCA selected the watershed for its diverse ecological habitat and anticipated development from commercial, industrial, and residential activities.
The purpose of the study is to protect and preserve native brook trout and other sensitive species. As part of that effort, researchers surveyed previously unmapped and undocumented streams to assess their ecological value. The work helps to determine whether the streams qualify for monitoring and inclusion in the state’s public waterways database, or for designation as trout streams.
Trout population is healthy
Brook trout, the only native trout in Minnesota streams, have reached healthy numbers and sizes in the Midway River Watershed study area, but are at risk elsewhere. They flourish in small, spring-fed streams and spring ponds and are easily susceptible to changing conditions. Their ideal habitat includes cool, clear water with sandy and gravelly bottoms. These beautiful, speckled fish, popular with anglers, are an indicator of a healthy ecosystem.
The Midway River Watershed covers over 66 square miles across St. Louis and Carlton counties before flowing into the St. Louis River, which empties into Lake Superior. Underground springs primarily feed a continuous flow that sustains the 20-mile-long Midway River.
According to research results, the area contains some of the most prolific native brook trout streams. West Rocky Run Creek and Aldolph Creek are the two nearest streams to the proposed data building site. While the state has listed West Rocky Run as impaired due to E. coli, ecologists say it’s in good shape overall.
Jeff Jasperson, author of the study and ecologist with the MPCA, told the The Minnesota Star Tribune that, “There’s a pretty prominent cold-water protection zone near the data center,” he said, with streams that were unmapped and unknown to the state and full of brook trout. “It’s unbelievable the size of the fish you can catch in there, and it’s right in the middle of a residential area.” He later noted that there may be other places to put a data center with fewer repercussions.
Water quality risks
Critics and some regulators say that runoff and other pollutants associated with the construction and operation of the proposed data center could adversely affect the watershed and its habitat.
The Tribune reported that the MPCA, after its environmental review, warned that the project could negatively affect water quality. The agency voiced concerns about how water will flow over solid surfaces, such as pavements. They also mentioned the loss of tree cover.
The community group, Stop Hermantown Data Center, stated on its website that it is urging city leaders to pause the project until “transparent information is provided regarding energy and water consumption, environmental impacts, and effects on residents and the larger community.”
According to a community survey conducted by the group, 74% of respondents are against the data center. Concerns are even stronger among those living within one mile of the proposed site, with 84% expressing opposition. The group states that light, sound, and air pollution coming from the complex could be detrimental to the environment.
Sources of cold water, crucial for trout habitat, can be found in the West Rocky Run (left). Watercress growing alongside Adolph Creek is a sign of ample groundwater (right). (Photos courtesy MPCA)
Hermantown agrees to new environmental study
City officials view the project as a benefit to the community, citing the creation of more jobs and increased commercial property tax revenue. In a press release, John Mulder, Hermantown City Administrator, said, “We are excited Google is choosing Hermantown, knowing the commitment they make will have a substantial positive impact.” He added, “Their desire to make a home here shows they are invested in the future of Hermantown and our greater region.”
Once Google revealed its plan, residents and environmentalists raised concerns. This included a lawsuit sent to the city by the Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy. City officials then agreed to a new environmental study. That study includes developing the same-sized campus, but on less acreage. Their assessment will also include monitoring water temperature and evaluating nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus.
The MPCA’s study findings prompted proposals to designate seven streams as protected trout waters through the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. Four of those proposed designations are moving toward official status.
Pollution Control also sent a copy of the study to Hermantown officials last year to help them better understand the most recent data and its potential impact on brook trout and the watershed. Furthermore, the study will also help the agency secure future funding for restoration, preservation, and monitoring projects. Some of these could include replacing poorly designed culverts to improve fish migration and removing artificial ponds.
The city of Hermantown continues to provide updates on the data center on its website.
More info:
- State study warns that placement of Duluth-area data center could harm native brook trout – The Minnesota Star Tribune
- Midway River Watershed Protection Study – Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
- Data centers roil local politics, spark Hermantown residents to reshape government – MPR News